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Synonyms
- Zn, Urine
Test Includes
Creatinine, urine; zinc, urine; zinc:creatinine ratio; zinc, urine (24-hour)
Special Instructions
If 24-hour urine is submitted, then request form must state 24-hour collection volume. Do not use preservative. Preservatives used for routine analysis may contain mercuric oxide (ie, Stabilur), which interferes with all metal testing. If both urinalysis and metal testing are ordered, please submit a separate urine specimen (containing no additive) for the metal testing.
Expected Turnaround Time
2 - 4 days
Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.
Related Information
Related Documents
Specimen Requirements
Specimen
Urine (24-hour or random)
Volume
5 mL
Minimum Volume
1.7 mL (Note: This volume does not allow for repeat testing.)
Container
Plastic urine container, no preservative
Collection
Optional protocol: Instruct the patient to void at 8 AM and discard the specimen. Then collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the 24-hour collection period (ie, 8 AM the next morning). Screw the lid on securely.
Storage Instructions
Maintain specimen at room temperature.
Stability Requirements
Temperature | Period |
|---|---|
Room temperature | 14 days |
Refrigerated | 14 days |
Frozen | 14 days |
Freeze/thaw cycles | Stable x3 |
Test Details
Use
Evaluate zinc exposure; evaluate low serum zinc levels; evaluate compliance in oral zinc therapy of Wilson disease.2 Low urine zinc levels in the presence of depressed serum zinc tends to confirm zinc deficiency.
Limitations
Zinc deficiency is usually accompanied by decreased urine zinc excretion. Zinc deficiency, however, may be in part due to excess urine losses, especially in cirrhosis, hemolytic anemias, sickle cell disease, alcoholism, diabetes, or chronic renal diseases.
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by LabCorp. It has not been cleared or approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
Methodology
Inductively-coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS)
Reference Interval
Environmental exposure: 100−900 μg/g creatinine,1 150−1200 μg/24 hours
Additional Information
Zinc poisoning through inhalation of zinc oxide fumes or dust often produces symptoms of respiratory tract irritation, chest pain and cough, fatigue, headache, nausea, fever, and muscle pain.3 Zinc is utilized as an alloying agent in brass and other metals, as well as in metal plating. Zinc chloride is often produced in the chemical smoke generators that are employed in industry. Zinc chloride is also used in soldering fluxes and wood preservatives.
Footnotes
1. Lauwerys RR, Hoet P. Industrial Chemical Exposure: Guidelines for Biological Monitoring. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: Lewis Publishers;1993: 293.
2. Milanino R, Marrella M, Moretti U, et al. Oral zinc sulphate as primary therapeutic intervention in a child with Wilson disease. Eur J Pediatr. 1989 Jun; 148(7):654-655. 2744040
3. Baselt RC, Cravey RH. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man. 4th ed. Foster City, Calif: Chemical Toxicology Institute;1995.
LOINC® Map
| Order Code | Order Code Name | Order Loinc | Result Code | Result Code Name | UofM | Result LOINC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 003434 | Zinc, Urine | 21610-1 | 019398 | Zinc, Urine | ug/L | 21610-1 |
| 003434 | Zinc, Urine | 21610-1 | 723280 | Creatinine(Crt),U | g/L | 2161-8 |
| 003434 | Zinc, Urine | 21610-1 | 019399 | Zinc/Creat. Ratio | ug/g creat | 13473-4 |
| 003434 | Zinc, Urine | 21610-1 | 019349 | Zinc, Urine (24 hr) | ug/24 hr | 5765-3 |
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