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Pre-Bariatric Surgery Micronutrient Profile

CPT 82306; 82310; 82390; 82525; 82607; 82728; 82746; 84425; 84630
Synonyms
  • Weight Management

Test Details

Methodology

See individual test components.

Result Turnaround Time

2 - 4 days

Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.

Test Includes

Vitamin B1, vitamin B12, folate, ferritin , 25-hydroxyvitamin D, zinc, copper, ceruloplasmin, calcium

Use

Obesity, associated with a multitude of co-morbid conditions, is a serious health condition impacting a significant number of patients in the U.S. Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the prevalence of obesity in the U.S. increased from 30.5% in 1999-2000 to 41.9% in 2017- March 2020.1 Currently, there is great emphasis on being overweight and obesity as a disease, with societies providing guidance on the use of newly available pharmacologic therapies as well as bariatric surgical procedures to decrease the burden.

Depending upon the type of bariatric surgery performed, deficiencies of micronutrients and some vitamins may ensue, and recommendations are to evaluate these parameters prior to surgery and at least annually thereafter.

Limitations

See individual test components.

Footnotes

1. Adult Obesity Facts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/adult.html. Updated May 17, 2022. Accessed Dec 19, 2023.
2. Mechanick JI, Apovian C, Brethauer S, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the perioperative nutrition, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of patients undergoing bariatric procedures - 2019 update: Cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology, The Obesity Society, American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery, Obesity Medicine Association, and American Society of Anesthesiologists. Endocr Pract. 2019 Dec;25(12):1346-1359.31682518
3. Eisenberg D, Shikora SA, Aarts E, et al. 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO): Indications for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2022 Dec;18(12):1345-1356.36280539

References

Banerjee ES, Schroeder R, Harrison TD. Metabolic Surgery for Adult Obesity: Common Questions and Answers. Am Fam Physician. 2022 Jun 1:105(6):593-601.35704821

Custom Additional Information

Per 2019 guidelines,2 bariatric surgery is advised under the following conditions in adult populations:

Patients with a body mass index ≥40 kg/m2 without co-existing medical problems and for whom bariatric procedures would not be associated with excessive risk are eligible for a bariatric procedure (Grade A; BEL 1).

Patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2 and one or more severe obesity-related complications remediable by weight loss, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), high risk for T2D (insulin resistance, prediabetes and/or metabolic syndrome), poorly controlled hypertension, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis of the knee or hip and urinary stress incontinence, should be considered for a bariatric procedure (Grade C; BEL 3).

Patients with the following comorbidities and BMI ≥35 kg/m2 may also be considered for a bariatric procedure, hypoventilation syndrome and Pickwickian syndrome after a careful evaluation of operative risk: idiopathic intracranial hypertension; gastroesophageal reflux disease; severe venous stasis disease; impaired mobility due to obesity and considerably impaired quality of life (Grade C; BEL 3).

Patients with body mass index 30 to 34.9 kg/m2 and type 2 diabetes with inadequate glycemic control despite optimal lifestyle and medical therapy should be considered for a bariatric procedure; current evidence is insufficient to support recommending a bariatric procedure in the absence of obesity (Grade B; BEL 2).

The body mass index criterion for bariatric procedures should be adjusted for ethnicity (e.g., 18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2 is normal range, 23 to 24.9 kg/m2 is overweight and ≥25 kg/m2 is obesity for Asians) (Grade D).

Bariatric procedures should be considered to achieve optimal outcomes regarding health and quality of life when the amount of weight loss needed to prevent or treat clinically significant ORC cannot be obtained using only structured lifestyle change with medical therapy (Grade B; BEL 2).

Grading of these guidelines corresponds to the following levels of recommendation (BEL: best evidence level):

• Grade A / BEL 1 – strong recommendation

• Grade B / BEL 2 – intermediate recommendation

• Grade C / BEL 3 – weak recommendation

• Grade D – no conclusive evidence or expert opinion

The following indications for bariatric surgery3 are suggested by the 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO):

• Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is recommended for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2, regardless of presence, absence or severity of co-morbidities.

• MBS should be considered for individuals with metabolic disease and BMI of 30-34.9 kg/m2.

• BMI thresholds should be adjusted in the Asian population such that a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 suggests clinical obesity, and individuals with BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 should be offered MBS.

Specimen Requirements

Specimen

Serum, whole blood, plasma

Volume

4 mL serum, 4 mL whole blood, 4 mL plasma

Container

Gel-barrier tube, polypropylene screw-capped transfer tube, trace metal free transfer tube

Storage Instructions

See individual test components.

LOINC® Map

Order Code Order Code Name Order Loinc Result Code Result Code Name UofM Result LOINC
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 001016 Calcium mg/dL 17861-6
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 004598 Ferritin ng/mL 2276-4
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 001560 Ceruloplasmin mg/dL 2064-4
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 121188 Vit. B1, Whole Blood nmol/L 32554-8
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 001503 Vitamin B12 pg/mL 2132-9
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 002020 Folate (Folic Acid), Serum ng/mL 2284-8
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 081953 Vitamin D, 25-Hydroxy ng/mL 62292-8
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 001586 Copper, Serum or Plasma ug/dL 5631-7
259104 Ca+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+... 001800 Zinc, Plasma or Serum ug/dL 5763-8
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code001016
Result Code NameCalcium
UofMmg/dL
Result LOINC17861-6
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code004598
Result Code NameFerritin
UofMng/mL
Result LOINC2276-4
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code001560
Result Code NameCeruloplasmin
UofMmg/dL
Result LOINC2064-4
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code121188
Result Code NameVit. B1, Whole Blood
UofMnmol/L
Result LOINC32554-8
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code001503
Result Code NameVitamin B12
UofMpg/mL
Result LOINC2132-9
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code002020
Result Code NameFolate (Folic Acid), Serum
UofMng/mL
Result LOINC2284-8
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code081953
Result Code NameVitamin D, 25-Hydroxy
UofMng/mL
Result LOINC62292-8
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code001586
Result Code NameCopper, Serum or Plasma
UofMug/dL
Result LOINC5631-7
Order Code259104
Order Code NameCa+Fer+B12+Folic+Zn+Cerulo+...
Order Loinc
Result Code001800
Result Code NameZinc, Plasma or Serum
UofMug/dL
Result LOINC5763-8