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Phosphorus, 24-Hour Urine

CPT 84105
Synonyms
  • Urine Phos
  • Urine Phosphorus

Test Details

Methodology

Colorimetric

Result Turnaround Time

1 - 2 days

Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.

Related Information

Related Documents

Test Includes

Phosphorus on random or timed urine specimen

Use

Evaluate calcium/phosphorus balance.

High urinary phosphorus (ie, increased renal losses) occurs in primary hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, renal tubular acidosis, diuretic use. Phosphates are among the substances which may be lost in the Fanconi syndrome. Renal loss of phosphate may itself lead to rickets or osteomalacia.

Low in hypoparathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, vitamin D intoxication

Evaluate nephrolithiasis. Hypophosphatemia with normal serum calcium, high alkaline phosphatase, hypercalciuria, low urinary phosphorus occur with osteomalacia from excessive antacid ingestion. The relationship between serum PO4 and phosphaturia, the phosphate excretion index, is described.1 Largely, however, urine phosphate simply reflects phosphate intake in patients not on phosphate binding medications.

Special Instructions

The test request form must state date and time collection started, date and time collection finished, and urine volume. Specimens submitted without preservative should be acidified after receipt to pH <2.0 with 6N HCl.

Footnotes

1. Black DAK, Cameron JS. Renal function. In: Brown SS, Mitchell FL, Young DS, eds. Chemical Diagnosis and Disease. Amsterdam, Holland: Elsevier/North Holland; 1979:453-524.
2. Lapatsanis P, Sbyrakis S, Vertos C, Karaklis BA, Dosiadis S. Phosphaturia in thalassemia. Pediatrics. 1976 Dec; 58(6):885-892. 995519
3. Sebastian A, Hernández RE, Portale AA, Colman J, Tatsuno J, Morris RC Jr. Dietary potassium influences kidney maintenance of serum phosphorus concentration. Kidney Int. 1990 May; 37(5):1341-1349. 2345430
4. Mayne PD, Kovar IZ. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the premature infant. Ann Clin Biochem. 1991 Mar; 28(Pt 2):131-142.1859151

Custom Additional Information

Children with thalassemia may have normal phosphorus absorption, but high renal phosphaturia, leading to a deficiency of phosphorus.2 Increasing dietary intake of potassium has been reported to increase serum phosphate concentrations apparently by decreasing renal excretion of phosphate.3 During the last trimester of pregnancy there is a sixfold increase in calcium and phosphorus accumulation as the fetus triples its weight. Plasma phosphorus concentrations and increased urinary phosphate may provide a useful means to assess response to phosphate supplements in the premature infant.4

Specimen Requirements

Specimen

Urine (24-hour)

Volume

10 mL aliquot of entire collection

Minimum Volume

0.5 mL aliquot (Note: This volume does not allow for repeat testing.)

Container

Plastic urine container. Collect with 6N HCl.

Collection Instructions

Instruct the patient to void at 8 AM and discard the specimen. Then collect all urine including the final specimen voided at the end of the 24-hour collection period (ie, 8 AM the next morning). Screw the lid on securely. Mix well. pH must be 0 to 2.

Stability Requirements

Temperature

Period

Room temperature

14 days

Refrigerated

14 days

Frozen

14 days

Freeze/thaw cycles

Stable x3

Reference Range

See table.

Age

Male (mg/24 hr)

Female (mg/24 hr)

0 to 5 y

Not established

Not established

6 to 12 y

130–941

130–941

13 to 80 y

390–1425

261–1078

>80 y

210–888

96–706

Storage Instructions

Maintain specimen at room temperature.

Causes for Rejection

Improper labeling

LOINC® Map

Order Code Order Code Name Order Loinc Result Code Result Code Name UofM Result LOINC
003251 Phosphorus, 24 hr Urine 2779-7 013599 Phosphorus, Urine mg/dL 2778-9
003251 Phosphorus, 24 hr Urine 2779-7 013250 Phosphorus,Urine 24h mg/24 hr 2779-7
Order Code003251
Order Code NamePhosphorus, 24 hr Urine
Order Loinc2779-7
Result Code013599
Result Code NamePhosphorus, Urine
UofMmg/dL
Result LOINC2778-9
Order Code003251
Order Code NamePhosphorus, 24 hr Urine
Order Loinc2779-7
Result Code013250
Result Code NamePhosphorus,Urine 24h
UofMmg/24 hr
Result LOINC2779-7