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Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies exhibiting pANCA or cANCA patterns are detected using indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) techniques with a substrate of ethanol-fixed human neutrophils. Positive patient sera with perinuclear or nuclear patterns are repeated using a formalin-fixed substrate in order to differentiate the presence of true pANCA antibodies from possible interference with antinuclear antibodies (ANA).
Expected Turnaround Time
3 - 5 days
Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests. Testing schedules may vary.
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Specimen Requirements
Specimen
Serum
Volume
1 mL
Minimum Volume
0.5 mL (Note: This volume does not allow for repeat testing.)
Container
Red-top tube or gel-barrier tube
Storage Instructions
Room temperature
Stability Requirements
Temperature | Period |
|---|---|
Room temperature | 14 days |
Refrigerated | 14 days |
Frozen | 14 days |
Freeze/thaw cycles | Stable x3 |
Causes for Rejection
Gross hemolysis; lipemia; bacterial contamination
Test Details
Use
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) are a serological marker associated with vasculitis and glomerulonephritis. Specifically, ANCA have been found (at frequencies ranging from 70% to 90%) in patients with active Wegener granulomatosis, microscopic polyarteritis nodosa, and idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis (with manifestations ranging from kidney-limited disease to extrarenal systemic disease, including pulmonary-renal syndromes). Glomerular lesions in patients with ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis or renal-limited disease are virtually identical. Normal controls are negative for ANCA and <10% of patients with other renal diseases are positive. ANCA may be directly involved in the pathogenesis of the vascular injury that causes the clinical manifestations in ANCA-associated disease.
Methodology
Indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA)
Reference Interval
Negative: <1:20
LOINC® Map
| Order Code | Order Code Name | Order Loinc | Result Code | Result Code Name | UofM | Result LOINC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 162388 | Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Ab | 162400 | Cytoplasmic (C-ANCA) | titer | 14277-8 | |
| 162388 | Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Ab | 162401 | Perinuclear (P-ANCA) | titer | 14278-6 | |
| 162388 | Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Ab | 162402 | Atypical pANCA | titer | 49503-6 |
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